The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) has selected Loma Linda University Medical Center to participate in the Increasing Organ Transplant Access (IOTA) Model. The IOTA Model aims to increase access to life-saving transplants for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and reduce Medicare expenditures.
Recipient Selection Criteria
Transplant Eligibility
- End stage renal disease
- eGFR ≤ 20
- Candidates with eGFR > 20 that have potential living donors, may start workup when candidate eGFR ˂ 30. Transplant surgery will be scheduled when recipient eGFR ≤ 20
- Candidates with a eGFR ≤ 25 and a TANGRI score > 40 may be placed on the waiting list and will be closely monitored for a eGFR ≤ 20
- Financial coverage and authorization for transplant evaluation, procedure, and outpatient follow-up care
Absolute Recipient Contraindications
- Body Mass Index (BMI) > 50 kg/m2
- Presence of active infection
- Active substance abuse
- Advanced cardiovascular disease
- Presence of advanced malignancy (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer)
- Active infected wound based on clinical observation
- Advanced pulmonary disease
- Advanced liver disease (if not eligible for liver transplant)
- Severe peripheral vascular disease
- Lack of social support system
- Active systemic disease (i.e. Systemic lupus, Wegener’s, sickle cell)
- Conditions that affect adherence that would significantly impair the patient’s ability to comply with the complex pre and post-transplant medical regimen
- Patient choice not to participate or proceed with the transplant process (e.g. evaluation, procedure, outpatient follow-up)
- Comorbidities that would reduce the benefit of transplant, including patient survival and continuing function of the implanted kidney
Relative Recipient Contraindications
- BMI > 40-50 kg/m2
- Recent substance abuse (within 6 months)
- Active or recent (within 1 month) nicotine or tobacco use
- History of malignancy
- Inadequate social support system
- Poor functional status
- Age ≥ 70 without a viable living donor
Living Kidney Donation Selection Criteria
Living Kidney Donation Absolute Contraindications
- Age < 18 years old
- Mentally incapable of making an informed decision
- Body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2
- Active Diabetes Mellitus
- Corrected GFR <80 mL/min
- Proteinuria (>200 mg/24 hr collection)
- Chronic respiratory disease with impairment of oxygenation or ventilation
- Symptomatic cardiac valvular disease
- Peripheral vascular disease
- Hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C virus infection
- Pregnancy
- History of recent malignancy (exception: non-melanoma skin cancer)
- Urological abnormalities prone to kidney damage (high risk)
- Hypertension treated with 3 agents
- Active hypertension in African Americans
- Reno-vascular disease (e.g., fibromuscular dysplasia)
- Sleep apnea with pulmonary hypertension
- Active alcoholism and/or drug abuse
- Active and uncontrolled psychiatric conditions
- Maladaptive emotional/behavioral responses
- High suspicion of donor coercion
- High suspicion of illegal financial exchange between donor and recipient
Living Kidney Donation Relative Contraindications
- Body mass index >30 kg/m2
- Hypertension treated with 2 or less agents
- Coronary artery disease
- Active tobacco use
- Urological abnormalities (e.g. proteinuria 151-200 mg/g, hematuria)
- HIV infection
- Recent or recurrent clinical/symptomatic kidney nephros
- Autoimmune disease that could negatively impact patient or graft survival